According to data released by the Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK), gross domestic product (GDP) increased by 1.1% in the second quarter compared to the previous quarter.
According to a Bloomberg HT survey, the market’s annual growth expectation was 2.7%, while the quarterly growth expectation was 1%. Thus, annual growth remained below market expectations.
Meanwhile, the growth data for the first quarter was also revised. The quarterly growth, previously announced as 0.1%, was revised upward to 0.3%.
Agriculture Sector Stood Out in Growth
When the activities comprising GDP are examined, the highest growth in the second quarter of 2026 was recorded in the agriculture, forestry and fishing sector. The sector grew by 13.3% compared to the same period of the previous year.
During the same period, the industrial sector grew by 2.4%, financial and insurance activities by 2.1%, and real estate activities by 2.1%. Growth in the trade, transportation, accommodation and food services sector was recorded at 0.5%.
The construction sector, meanwhile, contracted by 1.9%.
GDP calculated using the production approach increased by 36% year-on-year in the second quarter at current prices, reaching TRY 19 trillion 869 billion 747 million. GDP in US dollar terms stood at $438 billion 347 million in the second quarter.
Household Consumption Made the Highest Contribution to Growth
Final consumption expenditure of resident households increased by 3.5% in the second quarter of the year compared to the same period of the previous year.
During the same period, final consumption expenditure of the government decreased by 1.8%, while gross fixed capital formation increased by 0.6%.
Exports of goods and services decreased by 3.4% year-on-year in the second quarter, while imports declined by 6.4%.
Compensation of Employees Accounted for 38.1% of GDP
Compensation of employees increased by 36.7% in the second quarter of 2026 compared to the same period of the previous year. The increase in net operating surplus/mixed income was 38.7%.
The share of compensation of employees in gross value added at current prices declined to 38.1% in the second quarter, from 38.3% in the same quarter of the previous year.
The share of net operating surplus/mixed income, meanwhile, increased from 41.3% to 41.6% over the same period.
Annual Growth Reached 3.7% in 2025
According to TÜİK’s independent calculation based on annual data, Türkiye’s economy grew by 3.7% in 2025 according to the chain volume index.
GDP calculated using the production approach at current prices increased by 41.6% in 2025 compared to the previous year, reaching TRY 63 trillion 240 billion 524 million.
Manufacturing industry accounted for the largest share of GDP at 15.6%. It was followed by wholesale and retail trade and repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles at 12.9%, and real estate activities at 9.2%.
The lowest share of annual GDP was recorded in the activities of households as employers.
GDP per capita was calculated at TRY 714,682 in current prices and $18,103 in US dollar terms in 2025.
Household Consumption Increased by 4.2% in 2025
Final consumption expenditure of resident households increased by 4.2% in 2025 compared to the previous year. The share of these expenditures in GDP at current values was 54.4%.
Food and non-alcoholic beverages accounted for the largest share of household consumption at 21.4%. This was followed by housing, water, electricity, gas and other fuels at 18%, and transport at 15%.
The share of final consumption expenditure of the government in GDP was 13.9%, while the share of gross fixed capital formation was 30.7%.
According to the chain volume index, final consumption expenditure of the government increased by 1.0% in 2025, while gross fixed capital formation increased by 7.3%.
Exports of goods and services decreased by 0.6% in 2025, while imports increased by 4.6%. Among the main components of current GDP calculated using the expenditure approach, exports accounted for 24.7% and imports for 25%.
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